A recent article in Government Executive contrasts the concepts of “open government” and “open data” to explore what these actually mean for increased government transparency:

The increased focus on open data, especially since the start of the Obama administration, has caused an identity crisis for some transparency purists who point out that governments can have strong open data records while being otherwise opaque or even repressive. . .

Boosting accountability, though, is tougher than building new websites. It means changing the way thousands of federal workers do their jobs and how much trust they put in public oversight.

You can read more here (starting on page 21).